Politics

Japan can now send forces to Philippines under historic defense pact

Japan AND Philippines signed a key defense pact Monday that enables Japanese forces to be deployed for joint military exercises, including live ammunition exercises, within the Southeast Asian country that was brutally occupied by Japan during World War II and is now constructing an alliance with Tokyo because it faces an increasingly assertive China.
The reciprocal access agreement, which similarly allows Philippine armed forces to enter Japan for joint combat training, was signed by Philippine Defense Secretary Gilberto Teodoro and Japanese Foreign Minister Yoko Kamikawa at a ceremony in Manila witnessed by President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. According to representatives of the Philippines and Japan, the agreement will enter into force after ratification by the legislatures of those countries.

Kamikawa called the signing of the defense agreement a “landmark achievement” that ought to further strengthen defense cooperation between Japan and the Philippines. “A free and open international order based on the rule of law is the foundation for regional peace and prosperity,” she said. “We would like to work closely with your country to maintain and strengthen this state.”

Kamikawa and Japanese Defense Minister Minoru Kihara are in Manila, where they’ll hold talks with their Filipino counterparts on ways to further strengthen bilateral ties, the Philippine government said in an announcement.

The defense pact with the Philippines is the primary that Japan has signed in Asia. Japan has signed similar agreements with Australia in 2022 and Britain last yr.
Under the Prime Minister Fumio KishidaThe Japanese government has taken steps to bolster its security and defense strength, including a counterattack capability that moves away from Japan’s postwar policy of focusing solely on self-defense, amid threats from North Korea and China’s growing assertiveness. It is doubling its defense spending over a five-year period to 2027 in a bid to bolster its military strength and make Japan the third-largest military spender after United States and China.
Japanese soldiers ride on landing vehicles during a joint landing exercise with Filipino and American troops. Photo: AFP

Many of Japan’s Asian neighbors, including the Philippines, got here under Japanese aggression until its defeat in World War II, and Japan’s efforts to strengthen its military role and spending generally is a delicate issue. Japan and the Philippines, nonetheless, have steadily deepened defense and security ties.

Kishida’s actions are consistent with Marcos’ efforts to forge security alliances that can strengthen the Philippine military’s limited ability to defend Manila’s territorial interests within the South China SeaThe busy sea route is a key global trade route that has been almost entirely claimed by China but can be partially contested by the Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia and Brunei.
The United States can be strengthening its arc of military alliances within the region to raised counter China and reassure its Asian allies. Japan and the Philippines are treaty allies of the United States, and their leaders held trilateral talks on the White House in April, where Biden renewed Washington’s agreement “steadfast” commitment to defend Japan and the Philippines.
In the worst clash to this point, Chinese coast guardsmen armed with knives, spears and axes aboard motorboats repeatedly rammed and destroyed two Philippine navy supply ships on June 17. Chaotic clash on the disputed Second Thomas Shoal, where several Filipino sailors were wounded. Chinese coast guards seized several navy rifles.

China has accused the Philippines of inciting the violence, saying the Filipino sailors, despite warnings, went astray and entered what China considers Chinese territorial waters.

Japan and the United States were among the many first to precise concern over China’s actions and urged Beijing to respect international law. Washington reiterated its warning that it’s obligated to defend the Philippines, its oldest treaty ally in Asia, if Philippine forces, ships or aircraft are targeted by armed attack, including within the South China Sea.

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